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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">usfd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ультразвуковая и функциональная диагностика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ultrasound &amp; Functional Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-0771</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2408-9494</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Vidar Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24835/1607-0771-304</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">usfd-304</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Ультразвуковая диагностика в акушерстве и гинекологии</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Obstetrics and Gynecology Ultrasound</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Кесарево сечение во время родов: ультразвуковая диагностика особенностей заживления послеоперационного шва</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cesarean section during labor: ultrasound assessment of postoperative scar healing</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3914-404X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жилкина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhilkina</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жилкина Арина Андреевна – аспирант кафедры акушерства и гинекологии факультета фундаментальной медицины Московского государственного университета имени М.В. Ломоносова, Москваhttp://doi.org/0009-0001-3914-404X</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arina A. Zhilkina – M.D., Postgraduate student of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Medicine, Moscowhttp://doi.org/0009-0001-3914-404X</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gynzar@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4761-6742</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бокиева</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bokieva</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дарья Сергеевна Бокиева – заведующая отделением пренатальной диагностики перинатального центра ГБУЗ “Городская клиническая больница №67 имени Л.А. Ворохобова ДЗ города Москвы”, Москваhttp://doi.org/0009-0003-4761-6742</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daria S. Bokieva – M.D., Head of the Department of prenatal diagnostics, Prenatal Diagnostics Department of the Perinatal Centre of L.A. Vorohobov City Clinical Hospital No. 67, Moscowhttp://doi.org/0009-0003-4761-6742</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smirnovadasha9100@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9810-9574</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антипова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antipova</surname><given-names>О. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Антипова Ольга Всеволодовна – врач ультразвуковой диагностики отделения ультразвуковой диагностики перинатального центра ГБУЗ “Городская клиническая больница №67 имени Л.А. Ворохобова ДЗ города Москвы”, Москваhttp://doi.org/0009-0006-9810-9574</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Antipova – M.D., doctor of ultrasound diagnostics, department of ultrasound diagnostics, Prenatal Diagnostics Department of the Perinatal Centre of L.A. Vorohobov City Clinical Hospital No. 67, Moscowhttp://doi.org/0009-0006-9810-9574</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Goor13@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5507-0157</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самонкина</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samonkina</surname><given-names>V. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Самонкина Виктория Андреевна – врач ультразвуковой диагностики отделения ультразвуковой диагностики перинатального центра ГБУЗ “Городская клиническая больница №67 имени Л.А. Ворохобова ДЗ города Москвы”, Москваhttp://doi.org/0009-0009-5507-0157</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victoria A. Samonkina – M.D., doctor of ultrasound diagnostics, department of ultrasound diagnostics, Prenatal Diagnostics Department of the Perinatal Centre of L.A. Vorohobov City Clinical Hospital No. 67, Moscowhttp://doi.org/0009-0009-5507-0157</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">89773695024@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4088-2093</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тадевосян</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tadevosyan</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тадевосян Арменуи Ашотиковна – врач ультразвуковой диагностики отделения ультразвуковой диагностики перинатального центра ГБУЗ “Городская клиническая больница №67 имени Л.А. Ворохобова ДЗ города Москвы”, Москваhttp://doi.org/0009-0000-4088-2093</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Armenui A. Tadevosyan – M.D., doctor of ultrasound diagnostics, department of ultrasound diagnostics, Prenatal Diagnostics Department of the Perinatal Centre of L.A. Vorohobov City Clinical Hospital No. 67, Moscowhttp://doi.org/0009-0000-4088-2093</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tadevosyanarm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8363-9662</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Францева</surname><given-names>И. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Franceva</surname><given-names>I. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Францева Ирина Евгеньевна – врач ультразвуковой диагностики отделения ультразвуковой диагностики перинатального центра ГБУЗ “Городская клиническая больница №67 имени Л.А. Ворохобова ДЗ города Москвы”, Москваhttp://doi.org/0009-0009-8363-9662</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina E. Franceva – M.D., doctor of ultrasound diagnostics, department of ultrasound diagnostics, Prenatal Diagnostics Department of the Perinatal Centre of L.A. Vorohobov City Clinical Hospital No. 67, Moscowhttp://doi.org/0009-0009-8363-9662</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">frantzeva.i@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4014-3579</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Холина</surname><given-names>П. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Holina</surname><given-names>P. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Холина Полина Евгеньевна – врач ультразвуковой диагностики отделения ультразвуковой диагностики перинатального центра ГБУЗ “Городская клиническая больница №67 имени Л.А. Ворохобова ДЗ города Москвы”, Москваhttp://doi.org/0009-0009-4014-3579</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Polina E. Holina – M.D., doctor of ultrasound diagnostics, department of ultrasound diagnostics, Prenatal Diagnostics Department of the Perinatal Centre of L.A. Vorohobov City Clinical Hospital No. 67, Moscowhttp://doi.org/0009-0009-4014-3579</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">p.kholina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5821-9492</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черкас</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherkas</surname><given-names>Т. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Черкас Татьяна Игоревна – врач ультразвуковой диагностики отделения ультразвуковой диагностики перинатального центра ГБУЗ “Городская клиническая больница №67 имени Л.А. Ворохобова ДЗ города Москвы”, Москваhttp://doi.org/0009-000-5821-9492</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana I. Cherkas – M.D., doctor of ultrasound diagnostics, department of ultrasound diagnostics, Prenatal Diagnostics Department of the Perinatal Centre of L.A. Vorohobov City Clinical Hospital No. 67, Moscowhttp://doi.org/0009-000-5821-9492</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Cherkas61@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1397-6208</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панина</surname><given-names>О. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panina</surname><given-names>O. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Панина Ольга Борисовна – доктор мед. наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой акушерства и гинекологии факультета фундаментальной медицины Московского государственного университета имени М.В. Ломоносова, Москваhttp://doi.org/0000-0003-1397-6208</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga B. Panina – M.D., Doct. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Medicinehttp://doi.org/0000-0003-1397-6208</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olgapanina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7086-1055</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гуляева</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gulyaeva</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гуляева Мария Анатольевна – ординатор кафедры акушерства и гинекологии факультета фундаментальной медицины Московского государственного университета имени М.В. Ломоносова, Москваhttp://doi.org/0000-0002-7086-1055</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria A. Gulyaeva – Resident of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Medicine, Moscowhttp://doi.org/0000-0002-7086-1055</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ma.gulyaevaa@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО “Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова”<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ “Городская клиническая больница №67 имени Л.А. Ворохобова ДЗ города Москвы”<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">L.A. Vorohobov City Clinical Hospital No. 67<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Жилкина А.А., Бокиева Д.С., Антипова О.В., Самонкина В.А., Тадевосян А.А., Францева И.Е., Холина П.Е., Черкас Т.И., Панина О.Б., Гуляева М.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жилкина А.А., Бокиева Д.С., Антипова О.В., Самонкина В.А., Тадевосян А.А., Францева И.Е., Холина П.Е., Черкас Т.И., Панина О.Б., Гуляева М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhilkina А.А., Bokieva D.S., Antipova О.V., Samonkina V.А., Tadevosyan А.А., Franceva I.E., Holina P.Е., Cherkas Т.I., Panina O.B., Gulyaeva M.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://usfd.vidar.ru/jour/article/view/304">https://usfd.vidar.ru/jour/article/view/304</self-uri><abstract><p>Ежегодно количество операций кесарева сечения растет. На европейской территории на операцию кесарева сечения приходится около 25% от всех родов. Глобальная озабоченность по поводу роста числа операций оправдана и связана с ростом числа осложнений. Несостоятельный рубец на матке влечет за собой ряд патологий, опасных как для жизни матери, так и для жизни плода в последующую беременность.</p><p>На данный момент не существует “золотого стандарта” оценки послеоперационного шва на матке, а впоследствии и рубца на матке, неизвестны факторы, влияющие на его заживление. Кроме того, не определено влияние экстренной операции в сравнении с плановой и не определены исходы.</p><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: изучение факторов, влияющих на заживление послеоперационного шва после кесарева сечения во время родов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование было включено 100 женщин с одноплодной беременностью, которые были разделены на 4 группы в зависимости от степени раскрытия наружного маточного зева: при раскрытии 0–1 см (n = 43), при раскрытии 2–4 см (n = 20), при раскрытии более 4 см (n = 24), а также контрольная группа – элективное кесарево сечение (n = 13). У всех пациенток родоразрешение произошло в головном предлежании путем кесарева сечения на сроках, отвечающих своевременным родам, без послеоперационного рубца на матке.</p><p>Каждой из пациенток на 3-и сутки после родов было проведено трансвагинальное ультразвуковое исследование, во время которого оценивались расстояние послеоперационного шва на матке от наружного и внутреннего маточного зева, положение матки, длина, ширина, толщина послеоперационного шва, толщина прилежащего миометрия сверху и снизу, длина шейки матки, длина матки, ширина матки, переднезадний размер матки, переднезадний размер полости матки, толщина передней стенки матки, толщина задней стенки матки.</p><p>На основании нашего исследования можно сделать выводы, что толщина послеоперационного шва на матке имеет связь с расстоянием от внутреннего и наружного маточного зева: чем больше расстояние от внутреннего и наружного маточного зева, тем меньше толщина рубца. На ультразвуковые характеристики шва на матке влияет положение матки: длина и толщина послеоперационного шва были достоверно больше при антеверсио матки. Кроме того, на послеоперационный шов влияет наличие хронических заболеваний, толщина прилежащего миометрия снизу достоверно была меньше при наличии артериальной гипертензии.</p><p>Таким образом, тщательная оценка параметров послеоперационного шва, анатомических особенностей и соматической патологии может дать более полное представление о возможностях заживления послеоперационного шва на матке и формировании состоятельного рубца.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The number of cesarean sections performed worldwide continues to rise each year. In Europe, cesarean deliveries account for approximately 25% of all births. Global concern about the increase in the number of operations is justified and is associated with an increase in the number of complications. An incompetent uterine scar poses significant risks for both maternal and fetal health in subsequent pregnancies. Currently, there is no “gold standard” for assessing the postoperative suture and subsequently the uterine scar, and the factors influencing its healing remain unclear. Additionally, the impact of emergency versus elective cesarean sections on scar integrity and clinical outcomes has not been completely determined.</p><p>The aim of the study was to evaluate the factors affecting postoperative suture healing following cesarean delivery during labor.</p><p>Materials and Methods: The study included 100 women with singleton pregnancies, categorized into four groups based on the degree of external cervical os dilation: 0–1 cm dilation (n = 43), 2–4 cm dilation (n = 20), &gt;4 cm dilation (n = 24), control group – elective cesarean section (n = 13). All women underwent cesarean delivery in cephalic presentation at term, with no prior uterine scar. On the third postpartum day, all patients underwent transvaginal ultrasound to assess the postoperative suture. The evaluation included measurements of the distance between the suture and the internal and external cervical os, uterine position, suture length, width, and thickness, as well as the thickness of the adjacent myometrium above and below the suture. Additional parameters included cervical length, uterine length, width, anteroposterior uterine diameter, anteroposterior uterine cavity diameter, anterior uterine wall thickness, and posterior uterine wall thickness. </p><p>Our study found that uterine suture thickness correlated with its distance from the internal and external cervical os: the greater the distance, the thinner the suture. Ultrasound features of the uterine suture were also influenced by uterine position, with significantly greater suture length and thickness observed in cases of uterine anteversion. Additionally, the presence of chronic diseases impacted suture healing; the thickness of the adjacent myometrium below the suture was significantly reduced in patients with arterial hypertension.</p><p>Thus, a comprehensive assessment of postoperative suture  parameters, anatomical features, and comorbid conditions may provide a more complete understanding of uterine suture healing and the likelihood of forming a competent scar.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кесарево сечение</kwd><kwd>послеоперационный шов на матке</kwd><kwd>рубец на матке</kwd><kwd>несостоятельный рубец на матке</kwd><kwd>ультразвуковая диагностика</kwd><kwd>трансвагинальное УЗИ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Caesarean section</kwd><kwd>postoperative suture on the uterus</kwd><kwd>uterine scar</kwd><kwd>incompetent uterine scar</kwd><kwd>ultrasound</kwd><kwd>transvaginal ultrasound</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лузан О.Д., Пивень Л.А., Хачатрян С.М., Стариков Н.В., Авдиюк Г.А., Козак Ю.В., Ахмудинова А.А., Бабичев В.К. 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