usfdУльтразвуковая и функциональная диагностикаUltrasound & Functional Diagnostics1607-07712408-9494Vidar Ltd.10.24835/1607-0771-324usfd-324Research ArticleУльтразвуковая диагностика в акушерстве и гинекологииObstetrics and Gynecology UltrasoundУльтразвуковая оценка органов малого таза у девочек первого года жизни (обзор литературы)Ultrasound assessment of the pelvic organs in girls of the first year of life (literature review)https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4509-4154СугакА. Б.SugakA. B.

Сугак Анна Борисовна – доктор мед. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела ультразвуковой диагностики в неонатологии и педиатрии ФГБУ “Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова” Минздрава России, Москваhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4509-4154

Anna B. Sugak – MD, Doct. of Sci. (Med.), Leading Researcher in Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics in Neonatology and Pediatrics, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscowhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4509-4154

sugak08@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-9006-0818ХизроеваЧ. М.KhizroevaCh. M.

Хизроева Чакар Магомедовна – врач ультразвуковой диагностики, ООО “Детская клиника Кидней”, Махачкалаhttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-9006-0818

Chakar M. Khizroeva – MD, ultrasound diagnostics doctor, LLC “Kidney Children’s Clinic”, Makhachkalahttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-9006-0818

chakar.khizroeva@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4964-1736ФилипповаЕ. А.FilippovaE. A.

Филиппова Елена Александровна – канд. мед. наук, руководитель отдела ультразвуковой диагностики в неонатологии и педиатрии ФГБУ “Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова” Минздрава России; доцент кафедры лучевой диагностики детского возраста ФГБОУ ДПО “Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования” Минздрава России, Москваhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4964-1736

Elena A. Filippova – MD, PhD, Head of the Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics in Neonatology and Pediatrics, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation; Associate Professor of the Department of Radiation Diagnostics of Children of the Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscowhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4964-1736

fla77@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9928-6234ПодуровскаяЮ. Л.PodurovskayaY. L.

Подуровская Юлия Леонидовна – канд. мед. наук, заведующая отделом неонатальной и детской хирургии ФГБУ “Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова” Минздрава России, Москваhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9928-6234

Yulia L. Podurovskaya – MD, PhD, Head of the Neonatal and Child Surgery, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscowhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9928-6234.

y_podurovskaya@oparina4.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3731-6263ПыковМ. И.PykovM. I.

Пыков Михаил Иванович – доктор мед. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой лучевой диагностики детского возраста ФГБОУ ДПО “Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования” Минздрава России, Москва. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3731-6263

Michail I. Pykov – MD, Doct. of Sci. (Med.),  Professor, Director, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscowhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3731-6263

pykov@yandex.ruФГБУ “Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова” Минздрава РоссииРоссияNational Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian FederationRussian FederationООО “Детская клиника Кидней”РоссияLLC “Kidney Children’s Clinic”Russian FederationФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. академика В.И. Кулакова» Минздрава России, Российская медицинская академия последипломного образования Минздрава РоссииРоссияNational Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian FederationRussian FederationФГБОУ ДПО “Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования” Минздрава РоссииРоссияRussian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian FederationRussian Federation2025180920253136375Copyright © Сугак А.Б., Хизроева Ч.М., Филиппова Е.А., Подуровская Ю.Л., Пыков М.И., 20252025Сугак А.Б., Хизроева Ч.М., Филиппова Е.А., Подуровская Ю.Л., Пыков М.И.Sugak A.B., Khizroeva C.M., Filippova E.A., Podurovskaya Y.L., Pykov M.I.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://usfd.vidar.ru/jour/article/view/324

Ультразвуковое исследование (УЗИ) – основной метод диагностики патологии органов малого таза у девочек раннего возраста, из которой наиболее часто встречаются кисты яичников. Для выявления отклонений и определения тактики ведения пациентов необходимы точные нормативы размеров органов репродуктивной системы, а также знание особенностей их физиологического состояния в первые месяцы жизни. Данные, полученные в последнее десятилетие, продемонстрировали, что размеры фолликулов яичников у девочек первого года жизни больше, чем считалось ранее. Кроме того, размеры матки и яичников значительно меняются на протяжении этого периода, вероятнее всего, отражая изменения уровня гонадотропных гормонов во время минипубертата. В обзоре приводятся данные о структуре и размерах органов малого таза по данным УЗИ у здоровых девочек первых месяцев жизни, характеристика кист яичников и разные подходы к их ведению в этом возрасте, основные причины и возможные последствия активации гипоталамо-гипофизарно-половой системы у детей после рождения (минипубертата).

Ultrasound is the primary diagnostic modality for evaluating pelvic organ pathology in young girls, with ovarian cysts being the most commonly encountered condition. Accurate normative reference values for the size of reproductive organs, along with knowledge of their physiological features during the first months of life, are essential for detecting abnormalities and determining appropriate management strategies. Data obtained over the past decade has demonstrated that ovarian follicle size in girls during the first year of life is larger than previously assumed. Moreover, the dimensions of the uterus and ovaries change significantly throughout this period, most likely reflecting changes  in gonadotropin levels during *mini-puberty*.  The review summarizes ultrasound-based data on the structure and size of pelvic organs in healthy female infants during the first months of life, describes the ovarian cysts features and different management approaches at this age, and discusses the main causes and possible consequences of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activation after birth (*mini-puberty*).

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.