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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">usfd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ультразвуковая и функциональная диагностика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ultrasound &amp; Functional Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-0771</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2408-9494</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Vidar Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24835/1607-0771-341</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">usfd-341</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Ультразвуковая диагностика в акушерстве и гинекологии</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Obstetrics and Gynecology Ultrasound</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительная характеристика работы сердца и гемодинамики плода по данным эхокардиографии при наджелудочковой тахикардии, развившейся до 27,6 нед гестации и в сроках 28–40 нед беременности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative characteristics of fetal cardiac function and hemodynamics based on echocardiographic findings in cases of supraventricular tachycardia that developed before 27.6 weeks of gestation and between 28 and 40 weeks of pregnancy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1049-0296</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яннаева</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yannaeva</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яннаева Наталья Евгеньевна – канд. мед. наук, врач ультразвуковой диагностики, старший научный сотрудник ФГБУ “Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова” Минздрава России, Москва<ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1049-0296" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1049-0296</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia E. Yannaeva – MD, PhD (Med.), researcher, ultrasound diagnostics doctor, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after academician V.I. Kulakov, Moscow<ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1049-0296" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1049-0296</ext-link></p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yannaeva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8898-9612</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бокерия</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bokerija</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бокерия Екатерина Леонидовна – доктор мед. наук, советник директора, неонатолог, детский кардиолог, ведущий научный сотрудник отделения патологии новорожденных и недоношенных детей №2 ФГБУ “Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова” Минздрава России;профессор кафедры неонатологии Клинического института детского здоровья им. Н.Ф. Филатова ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет), Москваhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8898-9612</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina L. Bokerija – MD, Doct. of Sci. (Med.), Leading Researcher, neonatologist, pediatric cardiologist, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after academician V.I. Kulakov;Professor, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscowhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8898-9612</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e-bockeria@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1188-8872</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сенча</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sencha</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сенча Александр Николаевич – доктор мед. наук, заведующий отделом визуальной диагностики, профессор кафедры акушерства и гинекологии ДПО ФГБУ “Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова” Минздрава России;профессор кафедры ультразвуковой диагностики ФДПО ФГАОУ ВО Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России, Москва<ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1188-8872" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1188-8872</ext-link></p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr N. Sencha – M.D., Doct. of Sci. (Med.),  Head of Radiology Division, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after academician V.I. Kulakov;Professor of the Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow<ext-link xlink:href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1188-8872" ext-link-type="uri">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1188-8872</ext-link></p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">senchavyatka@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ “Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова” Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ “Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова” Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ “Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова” Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>23</fpage><lpage>42</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Яннаева Н.Е., Бокерия Е.Л., Сенча А.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Яннаева Н.Е., Бокерия Е.Л., Сенча А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yannaeva N.E., Bokerija E.L., Sencha A.N.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://usfd.vidar.ru/jour/article/view/341">https://usfd.vidar.ru/jour/article/view/341</self-uri><abstract><p>Клинически значимые фетальные и неонатальные аритмии встречаются примерно у 1 из 4000 новорожденных и являются важной причиной заболеваемости и смертности. Наиболее распространенной аритмией является наджелудочковая тахикардия (НЖТ), которая диагностируется в 70–75% случаев нарушений ритма сердца у плода.</p><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: сравнить особенности сократительной деятельности сердца и гемодинамическое состояние плодов при НЖТ, развившейся до 27,6 нед гестации, и при НЖТ в сроках беременности 28–40 нед.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Работа выполнена в период с 2020 по 2024 г. В исследование вошло 90 плодов с непрерывно рецидивирующей формой НЖТ: у 31 плода НЖТ развилась до 27,6 нед, и у 59 плодов НЖТ манифестировала после 28 нед. Полученные результаты сравнивались с аналогичными показателями в группах контроля: 37 и 68 плодов без нарушения сердечного ритма в сроках беременности 20–27,6 нед и 28–40 нед соответственно.</p><p>Сократительная функция сердца плода анализировалась в М-режиме, в программе Fetal HQ, с помощью метода Симпсона, а также оценивались показатели кровотока на полулунных клапанах в режиме импульсноволновой допплерометрии. Общее гемодинамическое состояние плода оценивалось согласно параметрам кардиоваскулярного профиля плода (C.B. Falkensammer, J.C. Huhta, 2001; J.C. Huhta, 2005).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Выявлены особенности работы сердца плода при развитии наджелудочковой тахиаритмии в разные сроки гестации. При развитии НЖТ у плода во всех сроках беременности происходит снижение показателей поперечного и продольного сокращения миокарда, при этом в ранние сроки беременности (до 27,6 нед) дисфункция сердца плода при НЖТ более выражена, чем при развитии тахикардии после 28 нед.</p><p>В сроках гестации до 27,6 нед в большей степени нарушается работа левого желудочка (ЛЖ), где отмечается выраженное снижение систолической и диастолической функции, тогда как после 28 нед сократительная функция ЛЖ изменяется в незначительной степени. В правом желудочке при развитии НЖТ до 27,6 нед нарушается диастолическая функция, после 28 нед – в большей степени снижается систолическая функция.</p><p>Ремоделирование работы сердца на фоне НЖТ приводит к повышению предсердного и центрального венозного давления, затруднению оттока крови по печеночным венам, развитию печеночного застоя, сердечной недостаточности и формированию неиммунной водянки плода. Степень и тяжесть проявления отечного синдрома при НЖТ до 27,6 нед беременности более выражены, чем в сроках 28–40 нед гестации (р &lt; 0,001).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. При развитии НЖТ у плода во всех сроках беременности происходит снижение сократительной функции миокарда, при этом чем в более ранние сроки беременности развилась наджелудочковая тахикардия у плода, тем более выражены проявления сердечной недостаточности.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Clinically significant fetal and neonatal arrhythmias occur in approximately 1 in 4,000 newborns and represent an important cause of morbidity and mortality. The most common arrhythmia is supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), which accounts for 70–75% of fetal cardiac rhythm disorders.</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To compare cardiac contractile function and the hemodynamic state of fetuses with SVT that developed before 27.6 weeks of gestation versus SVT manifesting at 28–40 weeks of gestation.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. The study was conducted from 2020 to 2024 and included 90 fetuses with the sustained form of SVT: 31 fetuses developed SVT before 27.6 weeks, and 59 fetuses presented with SVT after 28 weeks. The obtained findings were compared with corresponding parameters in control groups of 37 and 68 fetuses without cardiac rhythm disturbances at 20–27.6 weeks and 28–40 weeks of gestation, respectively.</p><p>Fetal cardiac contractile function was assessed using M-mode, the Fetal HQ program, Simpson’s method, and pulsed-wave Doppler evaluation of semilunar valve flow parameters. The overall fetal hemodynamic status was evaluated according to the cardiovascular profile score (J.C. Huhta, 2005; C.B. Falkensammer, J.C. Huhta, 2001).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The study revealed distinct features of fetal cardiac function during the supraventricular tachyarrhythmia at different gestational ages. Across all gestational periods, SVT led to reduced transverse and longitudinal myocardial contractility; however, cardiac dysfunction was more pronounced when SVT developed before 27.6 weeks compared to onset after 28 weeks.</p></sec><sec><title>Before 27</title><p>Before 27.6 weeks of gestation, left ventricular (LV) function was more significantly impaired, with marked reductions in both systolic and diastolic function, whereas after 28 weeks LV contractile alterations were minimal. In the right ventricle, before 27.6 weeks, diastolic function is impaired; after 28 weeks, systolic function is more significantly reduced.</p><p>Cardiac remodeling associated with SVT results in increase of  atrial and central venous pressures, impaired hepatic venous outflow, development of hepatic congestion, heart failure, and progression to non-immune hydrops fetalis. The degree and  severity of hydrops was significantly greater in fetuses with SVT onset before 27.6 weeks compared with those affected at 28–40 weeks of gestation (p &lt; 0.001).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Fetal SVT at any gestational age leads to a reduction in myocardial contractile function; however, the earlier in gestation supraventricular tachycardia develops, the more severe the manifestations of cardiac failure. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фетальные аритмии</kwd><kwd>наджелудочковая тахикардия</kwd><kwd>сократительная функция сердца</kwd><kwd>неиммунная водянка плода</kwd><kwd>эхокардиография</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fetal arrhythmias</kwd><kwd>supraventricular tachycardia</kwd><kwd>contractile function of the heart</kwd><kwd>non-immune hydrops fetalis</kwd><kwd>echocardiography</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>исследование не финансировалось какими-либо источниками.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jaeggi E., Öhman A. Fetal and Neonatal Arrhythmias. 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