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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">usfd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ультразвуковая и функциональная диагностика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ultrasound &amp; Functional Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-0771</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2408-9494</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Vidar Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24835/1607-0771-2023-4-35-48</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">usfd-47</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Ультразвуковая диагностика заболеваний сердца и сосудов</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Cardiovascular Ultrasound</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эхогенность атеросклеротической бляшки сонной артерии и ее связь с развитием неблагоприятных сердечно-сосудистых событий</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Echogenicity of atherosclerotic plaque - a criterion for assessing the dynamics and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7897-4727</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Погорелова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pogorelova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Погорелова Ольга Александровна – канд. мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории ультразвуковых методов исследования сосудов ФГБУ “НМИЦ кардиологии имени академика Е.И. Чазова” Минздрава России, Москва. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Pogorelova – Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, Vascular ultrasound laboratory, National medical research centre of cardiology named after academician E.I. Chazov of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">opogorelova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4462-3894</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трипотень</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tripoten</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Трипотень Мария Ильинична – канд. мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории ультразвуковых методов исследования сосудов ФГБУ “НМИЦ кардиологии имени академика Е.И. Чазова” Минздрава России, Москва. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria A. Tripoten – Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, Vascular ultrasound laboratory, National medical research centre of cardiology named after academician E.I. Chazov of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow. </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tmi-doc@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-1163</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хамчиева</surname><given-names>Л. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Hamchieva</surname><given-names>L. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хамчиева Лейла Шамсудиновна – канд. мед. наук, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории ультразвуковых методов исследования сосудов ФГБУ “НМИЦ кардиологии имени академика Е.И. Чазова” Минздрава России, Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leila Sh. Khamchieva – Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Junior Researcher, Vascular ultrasound laboratory, National medical research centre of cardiology named after academician E.I. Chazov of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hamchievaleila@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3977-0112</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гучаева</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Guchaeva</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гучаева Динара Анзоровна – канд. мед. наук, врач-кардиолог отдела неотложной кардиологии ФГБУ “НМИЦ кардиологии имени академика Е.И. Чазова” Минздрава России. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dinara A. Guchaeva – Cand. of Sci. (Med.), cardiologist, Emergency cardiology department, National medical research centre of cardiology named after academician E.I. Chazov of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dguchaeva@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8800-1670</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козлов</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlov</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Козлов Сергей Геннадьевич – доктор мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела проблем атеросклероза ФГБУ “НМИЦ кардиологии имени академика Е.И. Чазова” Минздрава России, Москва. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey G. Kozlov – Doct. of Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, Atherosclerosis department, National medical research centre of cardiology named after academician E.I. Chazov of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow. </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bestofall@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3248-0224</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шахнович</surname><given-names>Р. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shakhnovich</surname><given-names>R. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шахнович Роман Михайлович – доктор мед. наук, профессор Института подготовки кадров высшей квалификации, ФГБУ “НМИЦ кардиологии имени академика Е.И. Чазова” Минздрава России, Москва. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman M. Shakhnovich – Doct. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, The institute of advanced training of higher qualification levels, National medical research centre of cardiology named after academician E.I. Chazov of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow. </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shakhnovich@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7273-6979</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балахонова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balakhonova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Балахонова Татьяна Валентиновна – доктор мед. наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник, руководитель лаборатории ультразвуковых методов исследования сосудов ФГБУ “НМИЦ кардиологии имени академика Е.И. Чазова” Минздрава России, Москва. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana V. Balakhonova – Doct. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Chief Researcher, Head of Vascular ultrasound laboratory, National medical research centre of cardiology named after academician E.I. Chazov of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow.  </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tvbdoc@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ “НМИЦ кардиологии имени академика Е.И. Чазова” Минздрава России; 121552 Москва, ул. Академика Чазова, д. 15а, Российская Федерация<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National medical research centre of cardiology named after academician E.I. Chazov of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation; 15a, Academician Chazov str., Moscow 121552, Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>35</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Погорелова О.А., Трипотень М.И., Хамчиева Л.Ш., Гучаева Д.А., Козлов С.Г., Шахнович Р.М., Балахонова Т.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Погорелова О.А., Трипотень М.И., Хамчиева Л.Ш., Гучаева Д.А., Козлов С.Г., Шахнович Р.М., Балахонова Т.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pogorelova O.A., Tripoten M.A., Hamchieva L.S., Guchaeva D.A., Kozlov S.G., Shakhnovich R.M., Balakhonova T.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://usfd.vidar.ru/jour/article/view/47">https://usfd.vidar.ru/jour/article/view/47</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: определить возможности метода количественной оценки эхогенности бляшки сонной артерии в оценке прогноза неблагоприятных сердечно-сосудистых событий (ССС) у пациентов различного сердечно-сосудистого риска (ССР).</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование было включено 223 пациента: 80 пациентов (47 мужчин, 33 женщины) в возрасте 53 ± 5,9 года умеренного ССР по Score; 143 пациента (123мужчины, 20 женщин) очень высокого ССР c острым коронарным синдромом, средний возраст составил 57 ± 10,2 года. Все пациенты были обследованы в НМИЦ кардиологии имени академика Е.И. Чазова Минздрава России. Пациентам проводилось стандартное клиническое обследование, УЗИ экстракраниального отдела брахиоцефальных артерий, выполнялся биохимический анализ крови с определением липидного профиля. Пациентам очень высокого ССР через 1–1,5 года проводилось повторное обследование с анализом ССС за прошедшее время. Пациентам группы умеренного ССР через 1 и 7 лет наблюдения проводилось повторное обследование с анализом ССС.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Была проанализирована 181 атеросклеротическая бляшка (АСБ) у 80 пациентов умеренного риска (группа 1) и 378 АСБ у 143 пациентов очень высокого риска (группа 2). Анализ GSM (grey-scale median) на первом и втором визите показал достоверное увеличение GSM АСБ сонных артерий в обеих группах: в группе 1 с 67,02 [54,13; 82,85] до 73,5 [59,5; 88,7] (р &lt; 0,001), в группе 2 с 49,3 [39,73;63,64] до 50,7 [40,04;66,54] (p &lt; 0,05). Увеличение GSM наблюдалось у 79% АСБ пациентов группы 1, у 53% пациентов группы 2. Неблагоприятные ССС (ССС+) развились в течение 7-летнего наблюдения у 7 (8,8%) пациентов группы 1, в течение однолетнего наблюдения у 23 (23%) пациентов группы 2. В группе 1 увеличение эхогенности АСБ наблюдалось только у больных с благоприятным прогнозом заболевания (ССС-): с 67,7 [52,13; 79,0] до 77,5 [64,12; 91,0] (n = 148 АСБ, p &lt; 0,05), у пациентов с ССС+ GSM увеличивалась недостоверно: с 60,1 [53,5; 66,5] до 66,5 [55,0; 71,6] (n = 18 АСБ, р = 0,07). В группе 2 статистически значимое увеличение GSM АСБ наблюдалось у больных с ССC-: c 48,7 [39,0; 63,4] до 51,3 [40,0; 67,4] (n = 141 АСБ, р &lt; 0,01), у пациентов с ССC+ GSM не изменялась: с 51,6 [42,9; 72,5] до 50,2 [40,4; 65,0] (n = 43 АСБ, р = 0,2). При оценке ΔGSM и Δ% GSM в сонных артериях у больных группы 2 с ССC+ и ССC- выявлено достоверное увеличения GSM АСБ: у больных ССC- на 2,75%, или на 6,05% от исходного значения (p &lt; 0,05), в то время как у пациентов с ССC+ выявлено достоверное снижение средней эхогенности АСБ на 3,33%, или на 7,8% (p &lt; 0,05). С помощью ROC-анализа была определена величина Δ% GSM 6,96% (площадь под кривой 0,628 ± 0,0465 (95% ДИ 0,556–0,696), p = 0,0058), разделяющая пациентов с ОКС на 2 группы – с повторными ССС и благоприятным прогнозом. По данным регрессионного анализа Кокса риск развития ССС возрастал в 2,16 раза при снижении GSM АСБ в сонных артериях в динамике на ≥ 6,96% (ОР = 2,16; 95% ДИ 1,331–3,507); p = 0,009.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Ультразвуковой метод измерения медианы серой шкалы атеросклеротической бляшки сонной артерии может быть эффективен для оценки динамки эхогенности и прогноза неблагоприятных сердечно-сосудистых событий у пациентов различного сердечно-сосудистого риска.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to measure the echogenicity of atherosclerotic plaques (AP) of carotid arteries to assess the dynamics of atherosclerosis and risk of cardiovascular outcomes (CVO) in patients with different CVD risk.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study included 223 patients: 80 patients (47 males) with moderate CVD risk (mean age: 53 years, range: 39-66) (Group 1) and 143 patients (123 males) with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and high CVD risk (mean age: 57, range: 32-83) years (Group 2). All patients were examined at the Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology. Patients underwent a standard clinical examination, biochemical blood test with lipid profile determination, and ultrasound duplex scanning. Patients with ACS were re-examined after 1-1.5 years and patients with moderate CVD risk were re-examined after 1 and 7 years.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. We analyzed 181 APs in Group 1 and 378 APs in Group 2. Analysis of gray-scale median (GSM) at the first and second visit showed a significant increase in GSM in both groups: from 67.02 [54.13; 82.85] to 73.5 [59.5; 88.7] (p&lt;0.0001) in Group 1, and from 49.3 [39.73;63.64] to 50.7 [40.04;66.54] (p&lt;0.05) in Group 2. An increase in GSM was observed in 79% of patients in Group 1, in 53% of patients in Group 2. Unfavorable CVO (CVO+) developed after 7 years in 7 (8.8%) patients in Group 1, and after 1 year in 23 (23%) patients in Group 2. In Group 1, an increase in GSM was observed only in patients with favorable prognosis (CVO-): from 67.7[52.13; 79.0] to 77.5[64.12; 91.0] (n=148 AP, p&lt;0.05), in patients with CVO+, GSM increased non-significantly from 60.1[53.5; 66.5] to 66.5[55.0; 71.6] (n=18 AP, p=NS). In Group 2, a significant increase in GSM was observed in patients with CVO-: from 48.7[39.0; 63.4] to 51.3[40.0; 67.4] (n=141 AP, p&lt;0.01), in patients with CVO+, GSM decreased from 51.6[42.9; 72.5] to 50.2[40.4; 65.0] (n=43 AP, p=NS). In Group 2, GSM significantly increased by 2.75 (6.05%) from the initial value (p&lt;0.05) in patients with CVO-, while patients with CVO+ showed a significant decrease in the average GSM of AP by 3.33 (7.8%) (p&lt;0.05). Using ROC analysis, a Δ% GSM value of 6.96% was found (area under the curve 0.628 ± 0.0465 [95% CI 0.556 - 0.696], p = 0.0058). According to Cox regression analysis, the risk of CVO increased by 2.16 times with a decrease in GSM AP in the carotid arteries over time by ≥ 6.96% (НR=2.16; 95% CI=1.331 – 3.507); p=0.009.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The ultrasound method of measuring the echogenicity of an atherosclerotic plaque of the carotid artery using GSM parameter can be effective for assessing the dynamics of atherosclerosis and prognosis of adverse cardiovascular events in patients with high and moderate CVD risk</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эхогенность</kwd><kwd>медиана серой шкалы</kwd><kwd>атеросклероз</kwd><kwd>сонные артерии</kwd><kwd>прогностическая значимость</kwd><kwd>терапия статинами</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>echogenicity</kwd><kwd>gray-scale median</kwd><kwd>atherosclerosis</kwd><kwd>carotid arteries</kwd><kwd>prognostic value</kwd><kwd>statin therapy</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>нет</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>no</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saba L., Brinjikji W., Spence J.D., Wintermark M., Castillo M., de Borst G.J., Yang Q., Yuan C., Buckler A., Edjlali M., Saam T., Saloner D., Lal B.K., Capodanno D., Sun J., Balu N., Naylor R., Lugt A.V.D., Wasserman B.A., Kooi M.E., Wardlaw J., Gillard J., Lanzino G., Hedin U., Mikulis D., Gupta A., DeMarco J.K., Hess C., Goethem J.V., Hatsukami T., Rothwell P., Brown M.M., Moody A.R. 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