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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">usfd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ультразвуковая и функциональная диагностика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ultrasound &amp; Functional Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-0771</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2408-9494</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Vidar Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24835/1607-0771-2021-4-38-56</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">usfd-67</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Ультразвуковая диагностика заболеваний сердца и сосудов</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Cardiovascular Ultrasound</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Вихревые турбулентные потоки и скручивание левого желудочка у детей в возрасте от одного года до пяти лет, рожденных недоношенными с низкой, очень низкой и экстремально низкой массой тела</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vortex flows and left ventricular twist in children aged one to five years old, born prematurely with low, very low, and extremely low birth weight</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3081-9477</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлюкова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlyukova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">pavlyukovaelena@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5550-5925</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колосова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolosova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7556-9379</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Неклюдова</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Neklyudova</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7011-4316</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпов</surname><given-names>Р. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpov</surname><given-names>R. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ “Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр Российской академии наук”<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО “Сибирский государственный медицинский университет” Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Siberian State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>38</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Павлюкова Е.Н., Колосова М.В., Неклюдова Г.В., Карпов Р.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Павлюкова Е.Н., Колосова М.В., Неклюдова Г.В., Карпов Р.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pavlyukova E.N., Kolosova M.V., Neklyudova G.V., Karpov R.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://usfd.vidar.ru/jour/article/view/67">https://usfd.vidar.ru/jour/article/view/67</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель: изучение характера вихревых потоков при различных типах скручивания левого желудочка в систолу у детей в возрасте от одного года до пяти лет, рожденных недоношенными с низкой, очень низкой и экстремально низкой массой тела. Материал и методы: обследовано 25 детей в возрасте от 1 года до 5 лет, рожденных недоношенными с низкой, очень низкой и экстремально низкой массой тела. Ультразвуковое исследование сердца выполнено на системе Vivid Е95 (GE Healthcare, США) с использованием ма тричного датчика M5S (1,5-4,6 МГц) по стандартной методике. Кроме того, с по мощью двухмерной спекл-трекинг эхокардиографии оценены типы скручивания левого желудочка, а с помощью технологии blood speckle imaging - потокогенная составляющая (характер вихревых потоков в конце диастолы и в фазу изометрического сокращения). Результаты: первый тип скручивания (взрослый) отмечался у 11 из 25 (44%) детей, второй (детский) - у 4 (16%), третий (вариант детского) - у 4 (16%), четвертый (реверсивный) - у 6 (24%). Для первого (взрослого) типа скручивания левого желудочка (n = 11) в конце диастолы характерен доминирующий поток по направлению к верхушке вдоль задней стенки левого желудочка, далее поток крови движется по межжелудочковой перегородке в сторону аорты. В фазу изометрического сокращения кровоток состоит из двух вихревых потоков, один из которых на верхушке, другой - на уровне папиллярных мышц. При втором и третьем (детских) типах скручивания левого желудочка (n = 8) в конце диастолы вихревой поток направлен в сторону верхушечного сегмента межжелудочковой перегородки, где делает поворот по направлению к задней стенке левого желудочка до уровня задне медиальной папиллярной мышцы, а затем движется по направлению к аорте. При втором типе скручивания левого желудочка (n = 4) в фазу изометрического сокращения вихревой поток направлен от задней стенки в сторону межжелудочковой перегородки, второй поток на уровне папиллярных мышц отсутствует. При третьем типе скручивания левого желудочка (n = 4) в фазу изометрического сокращения доминирующий вихрь формируется на уровне папиллярных мышц по направлению к межжелудочковой перегородке, затем перемещается к верхушке, где образовывает завиток на стороне задней стенки левого желудочка на уровне верхушечных сегментов. При четвертом (реверсивном) типе скручивания левого желудочка (n = 6) в конце диастолы наблюдался рассыпной вихревой поток (по типу салюта) без выделения доминирующего вихря. В фазу изометрического сокращения регистрировался один вихревой поток, захватывающий уровни верхушки, папиллярных мышц и частично базальных сегментов. Выводы: развитие различных вариантов вихревых потоков у детей в возрасте от одного года до пяти лет, рожденных недоношенными с низкой, очень низкой и экстремально низкой массой тела, является неотъемлемой частью процесса постнатального онтогенеза детского сердца при условии наличия фактора преждевременных родов в анамнезе.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective: to analyze the vortex flows in different types of left ventricular (LV) twist in systole in children aged from one to five years old, born prematurely with low, very low, and extremely low birth weight. Material and methods: echocardiography was performed in 25 children aged from one to five years, born with low, very low, and extremely low body weight, with the use of Vivid E95 (GE Healthcare, USA) on the standard protocol. Additionally, the types of LV twist were assessed with 2D speckle tracking imaging, and the flow related component (type of vortex flow at the end of diastole and in period of isometric contraction) with blood speckle imaging. Results: the first type (adult type) of LV twist were found in 11 of 25 children (44%), the second type (children’s type) - in 4 (16%), the third type (variant of children’s type) - in 4 (16%), and the fourth type (reverse type or negative apical rotation) - in 6 (24%). The first type (n = 11) characterized by a dominant apex directional flow along the posterior wall of the LV at the end of diastole, following by movement along the interventricular septum (IVS) towards the aorta. During the period of isometric contraction, the blood flow consists of two vortex flows, one at the apex and the other at the level of the papillary muscles. In the second and third types (n = 8) the vortex flow at the end of diastole is directed towards the apical segment of the IVS, where it turns towards the posterior wall of the LV up to the level of the posteromedial papillary muscle, and then moves towards the aorta. During the period of isometric contraction, in the second type of LV twist (n = 4), the vortex flow is directed from the posterior wall towards the IVS, the second flow at the level of papillary muscles is absent. During the same period in the third type (n = 4), the dominant vortex flow arises at the level of the papillary muscles in the direction of the IVS, then moves toward the apex, forming a curl at the level of the apical segment of LV posterior wall. In the fourth type of LV twist (n = 6) there was a multidirectional vortex flow (firework-like) at the end of diastole, with no dominant vortex. In the period of isometric contraction, only one vortex flow was observed, propagating at the level of the apex, papillary muscles, and partially basal segments. Conclusion: the arising of various types of vortex flows in children aged from one to five years, born with low, very low, and extremely low birth weight, is an integral part of the process of the child’s heart postnatal ontogenesis in case preterm birth anamnesis.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>двухмерная спеклтрекинг эхокардиография</kwd><kwd>ротация левого желудочка</kwd><kwd>скручивание левого желудочка</kwd><kwd>вихревой поток</kwd><kwd>недоношенные дети</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>рожденные с очень низкой массой тела</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>рожденные с экстремально низкой массой тела</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>blood speckle imaging</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nyrnes S.A., Fadnes S., Wigen M.S., Mertens L., Lovstakken L. 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