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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">usfd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ультразвуковая и функциональная диагностика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ultrasound &amp; Functional Diagnostics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1607-0771</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2408-9494</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Vidar Ltd.</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24835/1607-0771-2021-4-57-78</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">usfd-68</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Другие вопросы ультразвуковой диагностики</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Other trends in ultrasound diagnostics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ультразвуковая диагностика синовиальной кисты подколенной области (кисты Бейкера)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ultrasound in synovial cyst of popliteal space (Baker cyst) diagnosis (pictorial review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3879-6457</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салтыкова</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saltykova</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">doctor.saltykova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3782-2564</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Турдакина</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Turdakina</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ДПО “Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования” Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО “Поволжский государственный университет физической культуры, спорта и туризма”<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Volga Region State University of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>57</fpage><lpage>78</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Салтыкова В.Г., Турдакина И.Н., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Салтыкова В.Г., Турдакина И.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Saltykova V.G., Turdakina I.N.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://usfd.vidar.ru/jour/article/view/68">https://usfd.vidar.ru/jour/article/view/68</self-uri><abstract><p>Кисты Бейкера являются наиболее частой патологической находкой, выявляемой при ультразвуковом исследовании подколенной ямки. В обзоре литературы обсуждаются вопросы этиологии, эпидемиологии, патогенеза, клинической картины, лечения кисты Бейкера. Особое внимание уделяется вопросам диагностики заболевания. Киста Бейкера имеет широкий спектр эхографических проявлений. При исследовании кисты Бейкера в продольной и поперечной плоскостях сканирования необходимо оценивать контуры стенок кисты (ровность, непрерывность, расслоение, разрыв), структуру стенок (наличие гипертрофии синовиальной оболочки в виде ворсин или пристеночных разрастаний синовиальных ворсин, перегородок, септ), внутриполостных образований (хрящевых, костно-хрящевых тел, кальцификатов). При необходимости для оценки васкуляризации используют цветокодированную допплерографию. При длительно существующей кисте Бейкера возможны осложнения, которые включают: диссекцию - расслоение нижнего отдела капсулы кисты, без полного разрыва; разрыв - повреждение нижнего отдела капсулы кисты и вытекание (распространение) жидкостного содержимого из кистозной полости в межфасциальное (межмышечное) пространство задней поверхности голени и подкожно-жировую клетчатку голени.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Baker cysts are the most common pathological finding in posterior knee ultrasound. The aspects of etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and treatment of Baker cysts are discussed in the literature review, with particular attention paid to the diagnosis. Baker cyst has a very variable ultrasound appearance. It is necessary to assess at longitudinal and transverse planes the contours of cyst’s walls (regularity, continuity, dissection, rupture), walls structure (the presence of synovial hypertrophy with villi thickening or parietal growths, septations), presence of intraarticular bodies (chondral, osteochondral, calcifications). Color Doppler imaging may be used to assess vascularity. Possible complications of long-existing Baker cysts include dissection of inferior part of the cyst capsule, without complete rupture; rupture of the cyst capsule in the inferior part with fluid outflow to the interfacial (intermuscular) space of the posterior calf and subcutaneous fat of the calf.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ультразвуковая диагностика</kwd><kwd>коленный сустав</kwd><kwd>киста Бейкера</kwd><kwd>синовиальная киста подколенной области</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>musculoskeletal ultrasound</kwd><kwd>knee joint</kwd><kwd>Baker cyst</kwd><kwd>synovial cyst of popliteal space</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Clark G.B. 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