The article presents the literature review, focused on moyamoya disease ultrasound criteria and own clinical case description. Moyamoya disease is a chronic, occlusive cerebrovascular disease of unknown etiology, characterized by progressive stenosis at terminal part of internal carotid artery and an abnormal vascular network at the brain base. The prevalence peak of moyamoya disease is among children aged about 10 years old and adults 30-45 years old. Ischemic symptoms including transient ischemic attacks are the most important clinical manifestation in both children and adults. Despite the main role of other imaging modalities in the diagnosis of this disease, awareness of ultrasound criteria of moyamoya disease can be useful, because the Doppler ultrasound mostly is the first-line method of the vascular brain system assessing.

The article presents analysis of diagnosis of alimentary tract duplications. Six cases of diagnosis and treatment of alimentary tract duplications were studied. Ultrasound was performed to all patients with intestine duplication of various segments. Five patterns of ultrasound images of the alimentary tract duplications and related complications were obtained: 1) the ultrasound signs of the abdominal cyst (n = 2, 33.4%); 2) the ultrasound signs of the abdominal cyst with intestinal obstruction (n = 1, 16.7%); 3) the ultrasound signs of intestinal obstruction (n = 1, 16.7%); 4) the ultrasound signs of peritonitis (n = 1, 16.7%); 5) the ultrasound signs of lesion looking similar to Meckel’s diverticulum (n = 1, 16.7%). The literature review on alimentary tract duplications and the difficulties of its preoperative diagnosis is presented. The absence of specific clinical picture of this developmental abnormality and its complications makes the preoperative diagnosis difficult. Ultrasound patterns varieties are associated with variety of this abnormality forms and localizations. Ultrasound patterns were discussed and summarized on our own experience and literature review.

The brief literature review on stomach bronchogenic cysts is presented. Analysis of the literature demonstrate the rarity of this pathology. There are only 39 cases of stomach bronchogenic cysts, which described in the world literature and only one of them in children. The article presents the clinical case of the stomach bronchogenic cyst in a four-year-old boy, admitted to the hospital with dysphagia complaints and preliminary diagnosis of retroperitoneal mass. The mass of the subphrenic space, stomach or esophagus development abnormality were suspected after Doppler ultrasound. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography confirmed the cystic mass of the stomach. The cyst was removed by laparoscopy.